DISIPLIN WAKTU DALAM TAFSIR AL-THABARI: JALAN MENUJU PRIBADI MANDIRI DAN PRODUKTIF

Abstract

This study aims to explore the meaning of time discipline as reflected in Surah Al-Muzammil and Surah Al-‘Asr based on the interpretation of Imam Al-Ṭabari in Jāmi‘ al-Bayān fī Ta’wīl al-Qur’ān. The Tafsir of Al-Ṭabari is chosen because of its comprehensive, linguistic, and contextual approach, which provides an in-depth understanding of the Qur’anic concept of time and human responsibility. This interpretation will be analyzed to examine its relevance to the formation of an independent and productive Islamic character. A qualitative approach was employed through the library research method, focusing on an in-depth textual analysis of the Qur’anic verses and classical tafsir. This method was chosen to enable a comprehensive understanding of the concept of time discipline as interpreted by Imam Al-Ṭabari in Jāmi‘ al-Bayān fī Ta’wīl al-Qur’ān, by examining relevant commentaries, linguistic aspects, and contextual interpretations within the classical Islamic intellectual tradition. The findings indicate that Surah Al-Muzammil emphasizes spiritual discipline through the command of qiyām al-lail (night prayer), which trains time awareness, self-control, and worship consistency. Meanwhile, Surah Al-‘Asr highlights the importance of time management in social life by promoting righteous deeds, patience, and mutual encouragement in goodness as criteria for those not among the losers. The study identifies a thematic continuity between the two surahs: one shapes the individual through internal spiritual discipline, while the other guides constructive social behavior. Thus, this research affirms that time discipline in the Qur’an is a comprehensive value encompassing both the inner (spiritual) and social dimensions of human life. The distinctive contribution of this study lies in its integration of Imam Al-Ṭabari’s classical exegetical insights with contemporary perspectives on character formation. By doing so, it offers a fresh understanding of Qur’anic time consciousness as a foundation for developing Qur’an-based character education particularly in nurturing responsible, independent, and action-oriented Muslim individuals who embody productivity as a form of worship.